elasticsearch 命令

es 2.3的相关的索引命令记录。
官方文档参考

索引相关

创建索引

$ curl -XPUT 'http://localhost:9200/twitter/' -d '{
    "settings" : {
        "index" : {
            "number_of_shards" : 3, 
            "number_of_replicas" : 2 
        }
    }
}'

number_of_shards 主分片数默认 5
number_of_replicas 每个主分片的副本数 1

简写：

$ curl -XPUT 'http://localhost:9200/twitter/' -d '{
    "settings" : {
        "number_of_shards" : 3,
        "number_of_replicas" : 2
    }
}'

可以创建索引时，同时指定mapping结构：


curl -XPOST localhost:9200/test -d '{
    "settings" : {
        "number_of_shards" : 1
    },
    "mappings" : {
        "type1" : {
            "properties" : {
                "field1" : { "type" : "string", "index" : "not_analyzed" }
            }
        }
    }
}'

properties.index说明：

analyzed （默认项）分析，将单词转为小写，并切分单词，用于搜索
not_analyzed 不分析，字符串作为一个整体分析，用于精确匹配
no 不用于索引，无法用于搜索。对不需要搜索只用于存储的字段设置为此，可以节省空间，缩短索引和搜索时间。

示例创建客户：

curl -X POST \
  http://127.0.0.1:9200/customer \
  -H 'cache-control: no-cache' \
  -d '{
	"settings":{
		"number_of_shards": 7,
		"number_of_replicas":1
	},
    "mappings" : {
        "customer" : {
            "properties" : {
                "account" : {
                    "type" : "string",
                    "index" : "not_analyzed"
                },
                "name" : {
                    "type" : "string",
                },
                "phone" : {
                    "type" : "string",
                    "index" : "not_analyzed"
                },
                "createTime" : {
                    "type" : "string",
                    "index" : "no"
                },
                "notifyTime": {
                	"type": "string",
                	"index" : "no"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}'

curl -X POST \
  http://127.0.0.1:9200/kmdoc \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -H 'cache-control: no-cache' \
  -d '{
    "mappings" : {
        "kmdoc" : {
            "properties" : {
                "accountId" : {
                    "type" : "string",
                    "index" : "not_analyzed" 
                },
                "title" : {
                    "type" : "string"
                },
                "content" : {
                    "type" : "string"
                },
                "cid" : {
                    "type" : "string",
                    "index" : "not_analyzed" 
                },
                "kmType" : {
                    "type" : "string",
                    "index" : "not_analyzed"
                },
                "lastTime" : {
                    "type" : "string",
                    "format": "no"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}'

查看索引

$ curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/twitter/'
# 过滤字段，只返回setting和mapping
$ curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/twitter/_settings,_mappings'

删除索引

$ curl -XDELETE 'http://localhost:9200/twitter/'

PUT mapping

可以用这个语法来添加索引，给指定索引类型添加字段，添加类型,有下面三种形式

PUT twitter 
{
  "mappings": {
    "tweet": {
      "properties": {
        "message": {
          "type": "string"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

PUT twitter/_mapping/user 
{
  "properties": {
    "name": {
      "type": "string"
    }
  }
}

PUT twitter/_mapping/tweet 
{
  "properties": {
    "user_name": {
      "type": "string"
    }
  }
}

查看mapping

curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/twitter/_mapping/tweet'
host:port/{index}/_mapping/{type} 
curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_all/_mapping/tweet,book'

更新索引设置

更新路径是/_settings or {index}/_settings,

下面的例子设置了某个index的副本分片数：

curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/my_index/_settings' -d '
{
    "index" : {
        "number_of_replicas" : 4
    }
}'

# 修改刷新间隔
curl -XPUT localhost:9200/test/_settings -d '{
    "index" : {
        "refresh_interval" : "1s"
    } }'

迁移时优化

更新设置api可以实时的修改索引间隔“refresh_interval”：“ - 1”，设置为-1，关闭自动刷新；当迁移完成之后，恢复"refresh_interval" : "1s"。
在迁移前，可以设置分片数为0，加快迁移速度。

迁移前：

curl -XPUT localhost:9200/test/_settings -d '{
    "index" : {
        "refresh_interval" : "-1",
        "number_of_replicas" : 0
    } }'
    
curl -XPUT localhost:9200/test/_settings -d '{
    "index" : {
        "refresh_interval" : "1s",
        "number_of_replicas" : 1
    } }'

刷新

$ curl -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/twitter/_refresh'
$ curl -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/kimchy,elasticsearch/_refresh'

可以使用手动强制刷新，使索引马上可用于搜索。默认情况下，索引是根据refresh_interval控制的。

强制合并

force merge API允许通过API强制合并一个或多个索引。合并与Lucene索引在每个分片中保存的段数相关。强制合并操作允许通过合并它们来减少段的数量。

此调用将阻止，直到合并完成。如果http连接丢失，请求将在后台继续，并且任何新请求将阻塞，直到上一次强制合并完成。

$ curl -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/twitter/_forcemerge'

max_num_segments 合并后的最大段文件数，设置为1完全合并。
only_expunge_deletes ，Should the merge process only expunge segments with deletes in it. In Lucene, a document is not deleted from a segment, just marked as deleted. During a merge process of segments, a new segment is created that does not have those deletes. This flag allows to only merge segments that have deletes. Defaults to false. Note that this won’t override the index.merge.policy.expunge_deletes_allowed threshold.
flush true 合并后是否执行刷新

优化

$ curl -XPOST ‘http://localhost:9200/twitter/_optimize‘

参考